ERGONOMI DAN REDESAIN TEMPAT KERJA
RELATED WITH:
*MATERIALS STORAGE AND HANDLING?
*WORK STATION DESIGN
*CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
*WORK-RELATED WELFARE FACILITIES
why not?...
think it..
talk it and..
do it right now!
productivity is an aims in all industries, but often difficult to get higher productivity with many reasons ofcourse. we must know... productivity is different with another one... product.
please try this lessons step by step and dont be confused!
any difficulties please contact me any ways...
BETTER ORGANIZED STORAGE
1. IF IN DOUBT- TAKE IT OUT
- Consider each tool, each piece of raw material, each component or spare part.
- Is it in use?
- Is it really needed?
- If not, take it away!!!
2. AVOID PLACING MATERIALS ON THE FLOOR
- The best way to stop bad habit is to prohibit placing anything on the floor and to monitor strictly the execution of the rule.
3.SAVE SPACE BY INTRODUCING MULTI-LEVEL RACKS
4.PROVIDE A “HOME” FOR EACH TOOL AND WORK ITEM
FEWER AND SHORTER TRANSPORT AND HANDLING OPERATIONS
1.THE MORE YOU USE IT – THE CLOSER IT SHOULD BE- The way to resolve this problem is to rank all tools and work items in order of frequency of use and to allocate their places accordingly
2.USE MOBILE STORAGE
- A god first is to design pallets or containers to move several items at the same time
- Pallets, containers or racks on wheels can be easily moved from one workstation to another or to the warehouse
- To save storage space, the racks should be standardized and it should be possible to stack them
3.MAKE YOUR EQUIPMENT EASY TO MOVE WHERE IT IS NEEDED
FEWER AND MORE EFFICIENT LIFTING OPERATIONS
1. DON’T LIFT LOADS HIGHER THAN NECESSARY: Use Mechanical Aid Assistances
- In selecting materials handling devices and methods of manual carrying, give preference to the ones with a minimum of elevation of the load
2.MOVE MATERIALS AT WORKING HEIGHT
- We can’t always avoid the need to lift heavy goods.
- One possibility is to install a suspended or floor-mounted transport system of appropriate height, where heavy loads are moved manually or by gravity between workstation
- Another solution is to employ mobile work-stands
3.MAKE LIFTING MORE EFFICIENT AND SAFER
- A heavy load suspended in the air is always a danger, especially in a small overcrowded workshop. Preference should be given to floor-based lifting devices which use the minimum necessary elevation
WORK STATION DESIGN
- A well designed workstation is important for productive work
- It the worker can do so quickly and easily, productivity will be higher and quality will be better
1.KEEP MATERIALS, TOOLS AND CONTROLS WITHIN EASY REACH
- Time and effort are saved by placing materials, tools and controls within easy reach of the worker
- Long reaches mean a loss of production time and extra effort
- The more you use it, the closer it should be
- If material are supplied in boxes or bins or on pallets or racks, these should be placed within easy reach and at an appropriate height
2.IMPROVE WORK POSTURE FOR GREATER EFFICIENCY
- When a difficult work position is required, work not only takes longer but also leads quickly to fatigue
- The measures help to avoid difficult work position:
- Place materials, tools and controls in optimum reach
- Use platform so that short workers can be at the proper work height
- Provide good chairs of correct seat height
- Provide enough leg space
3.IMPROVE DISPLAYS AND CONTROLS TO MINIMIZE MISTAKES
- An effective way to avoid such mistakes is to ensure that each worker can see and identify clearly what he/she is working on.
- Keep things which are seen, touched or controlled (visual displays, materials, switches, etc) within easy sight of worker
- Make displays and controls easily distinguishable and
- Use good lighting
PRODUCTIVE MACHINE SAFETY
1. GIVE YOUR MACHINES A PRODUCTIVITY CHECK USING THE CHECKLIST
2. ELIMINATE THE HAZARD OR INSTALL GUARDS OR AS A LAST RESORT USE PPE ALWAYS IN THIS ORDER
3. PURCHASE SAFE MACHINES
4. USE FEEDING AND EJECTION DEVICES TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND REDUCE MACHINE HAZARDS
5. USE THE RIGHT TYPE OF GUARD
- Machines have different types of action and production requirement
- They also have different types of danger
- Its important to match guards both to the requirements of the machines and to the specific nature of the hazards involved
CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
1.REPLACE A DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE WITH A LESS ONE
2.USE LIDS, COVERS, MAINTENANCE AND ISOLATION OF PROCESSES TO CONTROL HAZARDS AND REDUCE LOSSES
3. SAVE ENERGY USED TO OVERHEAT CHEMICAL
4. CLEAN PROPERLY- DON’T SPREAD DUST
5. MAKE LOCAL VENTILATION COST-EFFECTIVE
6. USE FANS PROPERLY
7. USE PUSH AND PULL VENTILATION
8. AS A LAST RESORT- USE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMEN [PPE]
9. DON’T EAT AND BRING HOME DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES
10.etc.
WORK-RELATED WELFARE FACILITIES
1.PROVIDE DRINGKING WATER
2.PROVIDE SANITARY FACILITIES
3.BE READY FOR EMERGENCY
4.HEALTH SERVICES
5.CANTEENS
6.PROVIDE TRANSPORT FACILITIES
7.PROVIDE RECREATION FACILITIES
8.CHILD-CARE FACILITIES, IF POSIBLE
9.FACTORY DAYS
10.etc.